Numero della rivista 27 2024 / Olympic Mind

Quando il pensiero vale più dell'oro: la relazione tra cognizione e prestazione negli atleti olimpici

• Scritto da Laura Will, Hanna de Haan, Babett Lobinger, Charlotte Sanden, Markus Raab & Lisa Musculus

Le meta-analisi più recenti e la nostra esperienza dimostrano inoltre che è fondamentale considerare attentamente i processi cognitivi, in quanto hanno un impatto significativo sulle competenze atletiche e sulle prestazioni. Valutazioni cognitive efficaci e interventi individualizzati, integrati perfettamente nelle routine di allenamento, offrono strumenti promettenti per ottimizzare le capacità cognitive degli/lle atleti/e e migliorare la loro preparazione per prestazioni di alto livello sulla scena mondiale. Come ricercatori/trici ci auguriamo che la ricerca investa maggiormente nella verifica dell'efficacia degli interventi cognitivi individuali e come psicologi/ghe dello sport siamo molto impegnati allenare le menti olimpiche per prepararle ad una prestazione eccezionale a Parigi 2024.

Bibliografia

Adjetey, C., Davis, J. C., Falck, R. S., Best, J. R., Dao, E., Bennett, K., Tai, D., McGuire, K., Eng, J. J., Hsiung, G. R., Middleton, L. E., Hall, P. A., Hu, M., Sakakibara, B. M., & Liu-Ambrose, T. (2023). Economic Evaluation of Exercise or Cognitive and Social Enrichment Activities for Improved Cognition After Stroke. JAMA network open, 6(11), e2345687. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45687

Andersen, A. G., Miles, A., Mahoney, C. & Robinson, P. (2002). Evaluating the Effectiveness of Applied Sport Psychology Practice: Making the Case for a Case Study Approach. The Sport Psychologist 16(4), 432-453. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.16.4.432

Borsboom, D., & Mellenbergh, G. J. (2007). Test validity in cognitive assessment. In J. P. Leighton & M. J. Gierl (Eds.), Cognitive diagnostic assessment for education: Theory and applications (pp. 85–115). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611186.004

Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual review of psychology, 64, 135-168.

Ericsson, K. A. (2003). How the expert performance approach differs from traditional approaches to expertise in sport: In search of a shared theoretical framework for studying expert performance. In J. L. Starkes, & K. A. Ericsson (Eds.), Expert performance in sports: Advances in research on sport expertise (pp. 371–402). Human Kinetics.

Fleddermann, M. T., Heppe, H., & Zentgraf, K. (2019). Off-Court Generic Perceptual-Cognitive Training in Elite Volleyball Athletes: Task-Specific Effects and Levels of Transfer. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1599. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01599

Furley, P., Schütz, L., & Wood, G. (2023). A critical review of research on executive functions in sport and exercise. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2023.2217437

Kalén, A., Bisagno, E., Musculus, L., Raab, M., Pérez-Ferreirós, A., Williams, A. M., Araújo, D., Lindwall, M., & Ivarsson, A. (2021). The role of domain-specific and domain-general cognitive functions and skills in sports performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 147(12), 1290–1308. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000355

Keegan, R. & Cotteril, S. & Woolway, T. & Appaneal, R. & Hutter, V. (2017). Strategies for bridging the research-practice 'gap' in sport and exercise psychology. Journal of Sport Psychology, 26 (4), 75-80. ttps://www.rpd-online.com/article/view/v26-n6-keegan-cotteril-woolway-etal

Moosbrugger, H. & Kelava, A. (2011). Testtheorie und Fragebogenkonstruktion. Springer.

Musculus, L., Lautenbach, F., Knöbel, S., Reinhard, M. L., Weigel, P., Gatzmaga, N., Borchert, A., & Pelka, M. (2022). An Assist for Cognitive Diagnostics in Soccer: Two Valid Tasks Measuring Inhibition and Cognitive Flexibility in a Soccer-Specific Setting With a Soccer-Specific Motor Response. Frontiers in Psychology, 13:867849, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.867849

Smith, B., Williams, O., Bone, L. & the Moving Social Work Co-productive Collective (2023). Co-production: A resource to guide co-producing research in the sport, exercise, and health sciences. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise & Health, 15(2), 159-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2022.2052946